This article is the first in a series on Linux-powered gaming that aims to capture the various nuances in setup, as well as uncover potential performance variations between nine different desktop Linux operating systems. But it's more than that. It's my hope that it will guide the future development of popular Linux distributions, and serve as a roadmap for newcomers. Since the Fedora Challenge is currently underway, let's begin there.
One other note: Steam on Linux doesn't play nice with NTFS-formatted drives. I would strongly recommend using an ext4 filesystem. If NTFS is your only option, follow this guide from Valve to set up up your NTFS drive with Steam.
Enable 3rd-party repositories in the Software Center to enable proprietary Nvidia drivers, Steam and more.
Jason Evangelho
Herein lies one of Linux gaming's biggest drawbacks: the situation changes based on not just the distribution you're using, but how your system is set up and which version of Steam you've installed. In both cases, it's not as simple as just hitting the desktop for the first time and installing Steam from the Software Center (without enabling those 3rd-party repositories), or downloading an installer from the Steam website as you do in Windows.
Brief rant: The term 'repository' has always seemed like an ambiguous word new users shouldn't have to see. Distro developers should consider using more descriptive phrases like 'alternative software sources.'
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Fedora Software Center For Windows
CONTROLLER SUPPORT:
Generic X360 controller and official Xbox One S controller both work, as long as they're wired.
Jason Evangelho Not everyone employs a keyboard and mouse for PC gaming, so I busted out a trio of Xbox-style controller to see if they'd all be recognized and connect with Steam instantly.
I tried the following connections: an Xbox One controller (wired), an official Xbox One S controller (Bluetooth) and a generic (off-brand) USB Xbox 360-style gamepad. I had no issues with the wired connections.
Getting the Xbox One S controller sorted via Bluetooth was a dead end. Even though Fedora 29 detected it and attempted to pair with it, it defaulted back to a disconnected state. There are workarounds involving editing your Grub file (I got the same controller working with RetroPi), but I can't recommend it as a beginner-friendly gaming input.
UPDATE: A solution emerged courtesy of Reddit. It's a simple one, but not remotely an intuitive one. Here's what to do.
In Terminal, type:
sudo sh -c 'echo 1 > /sys/module/bluetooth/parameters/disable_ertm'
That command disables a Bluetooth protocol known as 'Enhanced Re-Transmission Mode' which causes issues on Linux with the Xbox One S controller.
You'll probably want to make this change permanent, so edit (or create) this file using your text editor of choice: /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth.conf.d by entering:
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth.conf
Now put the following line in the config file:
options bluetooth disable_ertm=1
It'll be interesting to see if the other distros in this series do detect, pair, and connect with the Xbox One S controller via Bluetooth.
Part 1b: Gaming On Fedora 29 With AMD Radeon
On the bench for this series: Sapphire Radeon RX 580 Nitro+
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Sapphire TechRadeon gamers have an advantage across several Linux distributions: the open source driver is part of the kernel (and thus ready to use immediately), well maintained and quite performant. This typically means less steps to get up and running with Steam and Steam Proton.
Fedora isn't a rolling release distro, but it is known for having very fresh software. Thus, Fedora 29 introduces another advantage: your Radeon driver is fairly new right out of the box, and constantly updated. This alone solves one of the biggest complaints I previously addressed about gaming on distributions like Ubuntu. With Fedora, your GPU driver requirement for using Steam Proton is satisfied the moment Fedora gets installed, and it will update automatically.
Part 1c: Gaming On Fedora 29 With Nvidia GeForce
On the bench for this series: Gigabyte G1 Gaming GTX 1080
GigabyteIf you're an Nvidia GeForce user, you'll need to execute one additional step to get a proper graphics driver installed. That's because Nvidia doesn't provide an open source GeForce driver. All Linux distributions use the community-maintained open source 'Nouveau' driver by default, and I won't mince words: it's terrible.
To paint a clear picture of just how terrible, I went ahead and ran a benchmark of Dirt Rally at 1080p on the Ultra quality preset using the built-in driver. The result? An average of 16fps. Then I enabled the 3rd-party repository, searched for the proprietary Nvidia driver in the Software center and installed it. Pretty easy! And less steps than downloading the driver at Nvidia.com and proceeding through the multiple setup screens to get it installed (then having to register an account just to use GeForce Experience).
Running the same benchmark yielded an average 82fps. That is literally a 412% increase in performance. Do not use the open source driver if you're going to play any game that is even remotely modern or demanding.
Fortunately, once you have Nvidia's proprietary driver installed, the rest is a joy. Both native and Proton games ran smoothly on my GTX 1080. No stuttering, no issues whatsoever. And like the Radeon driver, it will get updated automatically alongside your normal system updates.
The Gaming Benchmarks & Test Bench Specs: System Info via Phoronix Test Suite ($ phoronix-test-suite system-info)
Jason Evangelho There aren't any other distro numbers to compare against yet, but this section may prove more illuminating over time as they get tested and added into the mix. For now I'll include the Fedora 29 results for reference.
My testing included two synthetic benchmarks -- Unigine Valley and Superposition -- as well as some native Linux ports and Proton games. Shadow of the tomb raider free download. As I mentioned in the introduction, each distro will be installed, completely updated and then benchmarked using the latest Radeon or Nvidia driver available directly through the distribution's standard update channels (for the people familiar with PPAs: no Oibaf, no Paulo Diaz, etc).
Here's my test bench:
- CPU: AMD Ryzen 5 2600
- GPU 1: Radeon Sapphire RX 580 Nitro+ (AMD)
- GPU 2: Gigabyte G1 Gaming GTX 1080 (Nvidia)
- Motherboard: ASUS ROG Crosshair VII Hero (Wi-Fi)
- RAM: G.Skill Flare X 16GB DDR4 @ 2400MHz
- Drive: Samsung 970 EVO 250GB NVMe
- Kernel (Fedora 29): 4.20-15
- Radeon Driver: MESA 18.3.4
- Nvidia Driver: 418.43
- Steam Proton Version: 3.16-8 Beta
And finally, the results of round one.
NVIDIA GTX 1080:
Fedora 29 Unigine Benchmarks (GTX 1080)
Jason Evangelho Fedora 29 Software Center
Fedora 29: Native Gaming Benchmarks (GTX 1080)
Jason Evangelho Fedora 29: Steam Proton Gaming Benchmarks (GTX 1080)
Jason EvangelhoAMD RADEON RX 580:
Fedora 29: Unigine Benchmarks (RX 580)
Jason Evangelho Fedora 29: Native Gaming Benchmarks (RX 580)
Jason Evangelho Fedora 29 Steam Proton Benchmarks (RX 580)
Jason EvangelhoConclusion:Because Fedora 29 offers constantly up-to-date software, drivers and firmware, it offers an advantage to both Radeon and Nvidia users. However, confusion may emerge for Linux newcomers in having to choose between multiple installation sources for Steam. Further eroding ease-of-use are existing compatibility issues with Wayland vs Xorg as it relates to Radeon gamers.
Once everything is set up, Fedora 29 is a solid, stable and up-to-date distribution for gaming. The Fedora Project could improve the user experience by using more descriptive language and tool-tips during the onboarding process, and better guiding people through enabling 3rd-party repositories -- and why they should or should not do that.
As for gaming performance compared to other distros, we'll find out as the days go by!
IMPORTANT UPDATE: About 9 days after publishing this report, Phoronix alerted us to the fact that Fedora had been briefly been running a debug build of the Radeon MESA drivers. This affected performance and overlapped with my time using Fedora 29! As a result, I will re-run the Radeon gaming benchmarks before the final report.
Fedora Gnome Software Center
Thanks for being here, and if you find value in this series please consider sharing it with your community. Do you have feedback? Let me know on Twitter!